The number and impact of disasters have increased in Europe during the period 1998-2009, according to new report concludes the European Environment Agency (EEA) . The report assesses the frequency of disasters and their impacts on humans, ecosystems and the economy and calls for better integrated management of disaster risk in Europe.
Dieci anni di calamità naturali
In Europa l’ultimo decade was marked by tragic events, which have had serious consequences both from an economic point of view, but also in terms of loss of lives and damage to the ecosystem. From ' heat wave that hit the summer of 2003 France, Portugal, the Netherlands, Spain, Germany, Switzerland and the UK causing more than 70 thousand dead, the tragic 1999 earthquake in Izmit in Turkey that killed 17 thousand people. The largest natural disaster, which occurred during the years in question, involved 32 European countries and caused damage of 150 billion euro. Although from 2003 to 2009 there were no earthquakes exceeding 6.4 on the Richter scale, the terremoti restano la seconda calamità naturale per numero di vittime e la prima per danni.
Temperature estreme
Prima causa di morte tra le calamità naturali d’Europa e maggiore indicatore dei cambiamenti climatici in atto, nell’ultimo decennio hanno provocato quasi 80mila vittime . Dalle bollenti estati del 2003 (70mila morti), del 2006 e 2007 (3.000 decessi), fino alle ondate di freddo degli inverni del 1998 e del 2009 (1.900 vittime). Secondo il rapporto, le temperature estreme potrebbero esser parte dei normali cicli annuali, ma la frequenza e l’intensità di questi events, increased dramatically in recent years, suggesting that it is not. The mortality rate is estimated at between 1 and 4 percent for every degree in excess of the normal seasonal temperature in a specific location. The health consequences of these phenomena are then considered "very serious". Sure the negative voice in this chapter would have been much higher if the report had taken into consideration by the heat wave and forest fires that hit Russia in the summer of 2010.
Floods last decade were found to be growing, even if "prevention measures and evacuation of the population are helping to reduce the impact. Despite this, along with the storms are natural disasters that cause major economic damage to . L ' most devastating flood occurred in Germany and the Czech Republic in 2002, with losses of over 20 billion, while those in which there were as many deaths hit the Romania in 2005 (85 victims) and Slovakia in 1998 (54 killed).
Hurricanes
storms that arrive in Europe from are the most dangerous natural disasters in terms of human lives . Hardly interested our country but in the Old Continent "after heat waves, earthquakes and floods, are the fourth largest number of victims, so that in the period under review resulted in 729 deaths well." I have been more hurricanes Lothar and Martin of December 1999, and Kyrill in January 2007. Only the first two affected some 3.5 million people in nine countries, causing 151 deaths and damage to 15.5 billion euro. Kyrill was also very destructive: 46 dead, eleven nations concerned and damages for 7.7 billion euro.
Forest fires
occur each year in Europe over 70 thousand fires that destroy more than half a million hectares of forests, especially in the Mediterranean area, 70 percent of the fires, 85 percent of the area burned in the Old Continent. The most devastating fires have occurred in Portugal (2003 and 2005), Spain (2006) and Greece (2007), causing 80 casualties. In total over the last decade the forests on fire killed 307 people.
man-made disasters to natural disasters must then add those caused by human activities, such as those involving the tanker Erika (1999) and Prestige (2002), respectively 20 thousand people lost at sea and 63 thousand tons of crude oil. The year 2000 was a terrible year, during which toxic substances were released into the environment following the collapse of the landfill mining Aznalcollar (Spain), as well as the cyanide in the waters of Baia Mare (Romania), causing massive damage to the ecosystem and requiring large investments in land reclamation (377 million euro, just to Aznalcollar). The latest disaster occurred in Hungary in October 2010 and the European Agency for the Environment 'long-term consequences are not yet quantifiable. " The collapse of the dam of a plant for the production of aluminum has scattered into at least 800 thousand cubic meters of sludge in alkaline area more than one thousand hectares. Over 7,000 residents of three villages where dozens of deaths.
The new report from the " Mapping the impact of natural disasters and technological in Europe", published on January 12, faces three different types of risks: Hydro-meteorological or weather related (hurricanes, extreme temperature events, fires, droughts, floods), geophysical (snow avalanches, landslides, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions) and technological (oil spills, industrial accidents, toxic spills resulting from the activities mining). According to the EU report, and 'difficult to determine the proportion of losses due to climate change , but it' s likely that this factor will be more and more 'decisive in the future, since it is expected to increase the frequency and intensity' of extreme events.
The figures of the study are impressive . Natural disasters che hanno colpito l'Europa nel periodo 1998-2009 hanno causato quasi 100 mila morti , colpito undici milioni di cittadini su un totali di 590 milioni di residenti nell'Unione Europea, oltre a 150 miliardi di euro di danni. “La frequenza e l’intensità degli eventi meteorologici estremi sono in aumento a causa dei cambiamenti climatici», è la denuncia contenuta nel rapporto. A questo bisogna poi aggiungere i disastri industriali, ben 339, che hanno provocato ulteriori 159 morti, con danni economici e ambientali “enormi e difficili da quantificare”.
In Europa l’ultimo decade was marked by tragic events, which have had serious consequences both from an economic point of view, but also in terms of loss of lives and damage to the ecosystem. From ' heat wave that hit the summer of 2003 France, Portugal, the Netherlands, Spain, Germany, Switzerland and the UK causing more than 70 thousand dead, the tragic 1999 earthquake in Izmit in Turkey that killed 17 thousand people. The largest natural disaster, which occurred during the years in question, involved 32 European countries and caused damage of 150 billion euro. Although from 2003 to 2009 there were no earthquakes exceeding 6.4 on the Richter scale, the terremoti restano la seconda calamità naturale per numero di vittime e la prima per danni.
Temperature estreme
Prima causa di morte tra le calamità naturali d’Europa e maggiore indicatore dei cambiamenti climatici in atto, nell’ultimo decennio hanno provocato quasi 80mila vittime . Dalle bollenti estati del 2003 (70mila morti), del 2006 e 2007 (3.000 decessi), fino alle ondate di freddo degli inverni del 1998 e del 2009 (1.900 vittime). Secondo il rapporto, le temperature estreme potrebbero esser parte dei normali cicli annuali, ma la frequenza e l’intensità di questi events, increased dramatically in recent years, suggesting that it is not. The mortality rate is estimated at between 1 and 4 percent for every degree in excess of the normal seasonal temperature in a specific location. The health consequences of these phenomena are then considered "very serious". Sure the negative voice in this chapter would have been much higher if the report had taken into consideration by the heat wave and forest fires that hit Russia in the summer of 2010.
Floods last decade were found to be growing, even if "prevention measures and evacuation of the population are helping to reduce the impact. Despite this, along with the storms are natural disasters that cause major economic damage to . L ' most devastating flood occurred in Germany and the Czech Republic in 2002, with losses of over 20 billion, while those in which there were as many deaths hit the Romania in 2005 (85 victims) and Slovakia in 1998 (54 killed).
Hurricanes
storms that arrive in Europe from are the most dangerous natural disasters in terms of human lives . Hardly interested our country but in the Old Continent "after heat waves, earthquakes and floods, are the fourth largest number of victims, so that in the period under review resulted in 729 deaths well." I have been more hurricanes Lothar and Martin of December 1999, and Kyrill in January 2007. Only the first two affected some 3.5 million people in nine countries, causing 151 deaths and damage to 15.5 billion euro. Kyrill was also very destructive: 46 dead, eleven nations concerned and damages for 7.7 billion euro.
Forest fires
occur each year in Europe over 70 thousand fires that destroy more than half a million hectares of forests, especially in the Mediterranean area, 70 percent of the fires, 85 percent of the area burned in the Old Continent. The most devastating fires have occurred in Portugal (2003 and 2005), Spain (2006) and Greece (2007), causing 80 casualties. In total over the last decade the forests on fire killed 307 people.
man-made disasters to natural disasters must then add those caused by human activities, such as those involving the tanker Erika (1999) and Prestige (2002), respectively 20 thousand people lost at sea and 63 thousand tons of crude oil. The year 2000 was a terrible year, during which toxic substances were released into the environment following the collapse of the landfill mining Aznalcollar (Spain), as well as the cyanide in the waters of Baia Mare (Romania), causing massive damage to the ecosystem and requiring large investments in land reclamation (377 million euro, just to Aznalcollar). The latest disaster occurred in Hungary in October 2010 and the European Agency for the Environment 'long-term consequences are not yet quantifiable. " The collapse of the dam of a plant for the production of aluminum has scattered into at least 800 thousand cubic meters of sludge in alkaline area more than one thousand hectares. Over 7,000 residents of three villages where dozens of deaths.
Other data on which we should think long.
0 comments:
Post a Comment