Opened January 24, ilquartier at the UN General Assembly in New York, the 'International Year Forest . The green lungs of the planet host naturaleterrestre 80% of the assets and 300 million people, providing resources for lasopravvivenza to 1.6 billion people.
The formalization came by the UN in conjunction with the Ninth International Forum United Dellen on Forests, scheduled from January 24 to February 4. Conl'invito further protect forests and woodlands, the incontrinascono with the intention of being able to identify and develop disostegno environmental policies and the protection of "green capital", perl'intera humanity and fundamental resource, which currently covers 31% of the surface Earth circaquattro billion hectares. Forests are disappearing too fast but , currently under stress acausa indiscriminate use by man, the main cause ditutto a series of negative consequences on the productivity of land and lostoccaggio of CO2 to the release of huge amounts of greenhouse gases. Deforestation and forest degradation dicirca are in fact responsible for 17% of greenhouse gas emissions globally, as glialberi and vegetation are a carbon sink of about 289Gigatonnellate (billion tons), but at least in stocks' ultimodecennio apparently declined by about 0.5 Gigatonnes.
Forests are also a great "container" of biodiversity , not surprisingly alquale argument was devoted to the international year of 2010. According to the latest stimedell'Iucn (International Union for Conservation of Nature) ilpatrimonio forest creates a direct economic value (in terms of food, fuel, medicine, energy, income and employment) assessed 130 billion dollars a year, maanche indirect: halve greenhouse gases between 2010 and 2020, thanks to the great capacity to absorb CO2 delleforeste, would lead to savings of 3.7 trillion dollars . So the environmental value of forests must be protected esociale economic, resolving critical issues that threaten allasua conservation, deforestation inprimis. The data reveal the extent of cutting of forests sonoimpressionanti: since 2000 every year on the planet has unadiminuzione area of \u200b\u200bforest equivalent of a country as ilCostarica, so that today the green area covers only 31% of superficieglobale.
Bloccodell'espansione agricultural area of \u200b\u200bthe great tropical rainforests Chesi localized in the equatorial belt, stopping the illicit attraversola traceability of timber and reforestation are some of the solutions persalvare this vital ecosystem. Critical point is still the ' Indonesia, a leading fornitorimondiali of valuable raw materials such as lumber, paper, rubber, oil, coffee, pepper and palm oil, but at the same time caused ladistruzione hectares of tropical forest earning leadership to the country's largest producer cometerzo di gas a effetto serra, dietro a Usa e Cina. Il tassodi deforestazione nel paese continua ad essere altissimo – circa 2 milionidi ettari l’anno ufficialmente dichiarati dal governo – ed è principalmentedovuto al taglio illegale di legname per l’esportazione, ma anche alla conversione in piantagioni per la produzionedi olio di palma e di legname percartiere, due settori chiave per l’economia del paese.
Secondo uno studio dell’Iucn, il pianeta avrebbe teoricamente lapossibilità di recuperare un'area di foreste perduta o degradata pari all’estensionedella Russia, circa un miliardo e half acres. According to the analysis, EASIA Africa have the greatest potential, each with about 500 million hectares dipolmoni green that can be given to the original state of health.
Already several countries such as China, Ghana, Mexico, India, Britain, StatiUniti and many others, have embarked on ambitious programs of reforestation . One form of recognition tutelabasata 100 sites as green UNESCO World Heritage Site, as well 760mila diforeste square km. A huge potential of biodiversity so that it enjoys the support provided by the Intergovernmental pearl conservation sites delpatrimonio Convention for World Heritage. In contrast, once again 's Italy, which with the dismantling of the Stelvio National Park rischiadi endanger the health and preservation of the most important parcoitaliano.
The 2011 will therefore be the year in which the whole world will recognize the vitaleimportanza of forests, to preserve life on the planet, for all lepopolazioni and for all species.
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